Reconstructing Legal Rights over MSME Business Premises on State and Waqf Land: A Comparative Legal Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53515/alqodiri.v24i1.115Abstract
This article reconstructs the legal framework governing proprietary rights over Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) business premises situated on state, regional, and waqf land in Indonesia. The study departs from the persistent legal uncertainty surrounding kiosks and stalls in government-owned traditional markets, particularly the weak proprietary status of SIPTU/SHPTU instruments. In response, the article develops a normative-comparative model of SKBG Tempat Usaha UMKM as a legal mechanism for strengthening the protection of MSME business premises.
The proposed model extends the concept of building ownership certificates under the Indonesian Flats Law, particularly the provisions relating to state, regional, and waqf land, from residential units to MSME business premises. Using statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches, this article examines Article 60 of Government Regulation No. 7 of 2021, Article 53A of Law No. 11 of 2020, Government Regulation No. 17 of 2021, and relevant provisions of the Flats Law.
Comparative reflections on Pakistan and Turkey further strengthen the argument that public assets and waqf property can be institutionally transformed into inclusive economic infrastructure. The study finds that legal certainty for MSME business premises requires the implementation of the horizontal separation principle between land and buildings, transparent public registration, enforceable proprietary rights, and broader access to financing through fiduciary security or equivalent legal instruments.
The novelty of this article lies in its proposal for the doctrinal and institutional expansion of SKBG from a housing-oriented instrument into a legal framework applicable to MSME-oriented development on public and waqf land. This reconstruction is expected to strengthen legal certainty, improve access to financing, and support inclusive and sustainable economic development for MSMEs in Indonesia.
References
Ahmed, A., Bhatti, S. H., Gölgeci, I., & Arslan, A. (2022). Digital platform capability and organizational agility of emerging market manufacturing SMEs: The mediating role of intellectual capital and the moderating role of environmental dynamism. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 177, 121513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121513
Akbar, A., Desi Kumalasari, Rizal Alamsyah Hadi Saputra, Yekti Mahardika, & Uktamjon Zarifjon Ugli Tukhtaev. (2025). Proliferation of Policies on Notarial Supervisory Institutions Based on Justice. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 5(3), 833–864. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v5i3.789
Akbar, T., & Siti-Nabiha, A. K. (2022). Objectives and measures of performance of Islamic microfinance banks in Indonesia: The stakeholders’ perspectives. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 14(2), 124–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-11-2020-0231
AlNuaimi, B. K., Kumar Singh, S., Ren, S., Budhwar, P., & Vorobyev, D. (2022). Mastering digital transformation: The nexus between leadership, agility, and digital strategy. Journal of Business Research, 145, 636–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.038
Aman, J., Abbas, J., Shi, G., Ain, N. U., & Gu, L. (2022). Community Wellbeing Under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: Role of Social, Economic, Cultural, and Educational Factors in Improving Residents’ Quality of Life. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 816592. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.816592
Bartlett, R., Morse, A., Stanton, R., & Wallace, N. (2022). Consumer-lending discrimination in the FinTech Era. Journal of Financial Economics, 143(1), 30–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.05.047
Bhanye, J. (2024). Beyond informality: ‘Nimble peri-urban land transactions’ - how migrants on the margins trade, access and hold land for settlement. Discover Global Society, 2(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44282-024-00032-0
Bonina, C., Koskinen, K., Eaton, B., & Gawer, A. (2021). Digital platforms for development: Foundations and research agenda. Information Systems Journal, 31(6), 869–902. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12326
Chen, R., El Ghoul, S., Guedhami, O., Kwok, C. C. Y., & Nash, R. (2021). International evidence on state ownership and trade credit: Opportunities and motivations. Journal of International Business Studies, 52(6), 1121–1158. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-021-00406-5
Hassan, M. K., Alshater, M. M., Hasan, R., & Bhuiyan, A. B. (2021). Islamic microfinance: A bibliometric review. Global Finance Journal, 49, 100651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2021.100651
Khairi, I. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat Pengguna Tempat Usaha di Pasar Tradisional dalam Rangka Mendapatkan Sumber Dana. JURNAL ILMIAH LIVING LAW, 15(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.30997/jill.v15i1.7932
Khairi, I., & Roestamy, M. (2018). Development of Design Principles Droit De Preference against Owners Business Premises in Tanah Abang Jakarta. DE’RECHTSSTAAT, 3(2), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.30997/jhd.v3i2.960
Kusumaningtyas, R. O., Subekti, R., Jaelani, A. K., Orsantinutsakul, A., & Mishra, U. K. (2022). Reduction of Digitalization Policy in Indonesian MSMEs and Implications for Sharia Economic Development. JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 21(2), 157. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v21i2.6855
Leendertse, J., Schrijvers, M., & Stam, E. (2022). Measure Twice, Cut Once: Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Metrics. Research Policy, 51(9), 104336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104336
Liu, M., Li, C., Wang, S., & Li, Q. (2023). Digital transformation, risk-taking, and innovation: Evidence from data on listed enterprises in China. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(1), 100332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100332
Maesarach, R. M., Mulato, T., & Rodoni, A. (2022). Sukuk Linked Wakaf For MSME Develpoment. BASKARA : Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.54268/baskara.5.1.95-107
Omrani, N., Rejeb, N., Maalaoui, A., Dabić, M., & Kraus, S. (2024). Drivers of Digital Transformation in SMEs. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 5030–5043. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2022.3215727
Rockström, J., Gupta, J., Qin, D., Lade, S. J., Abrams, J. F., Andersen, L. S., Armstrong McKay, D. I., Bai, X., Bala, G., Bunn, S. E., Ciobanu, D., DeClerck, F., Ebi, K., Gifford, L., Gordon, C., Hasan, S., Kanie, N., Lenton, T. M., Loriani, S., … Zhang, X. (2023). Safe and just Earth system boundaries. Nature, 619(7968), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06083-8
Roestamy, M. (2022). Indonesian Property Law in Global Competition. Law and Humanities Quarterly Reviews, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1996.01.02.14
Rusli, R. K., Hafidhuddin, D., Bahruddin, E., & Tamam, A. M. (2023). Existing Curriculum Management in Enhancing Nazhir’s Professionalism; Analysis Network Process. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 678–692. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v7i2.4695
Rusli, R. K., Hafidhuddin, D., Bahruddin, E., Tamam, A. M., & Ibnu, A. R. (2023). Bibliometric Analysis of Waqf Education on Google Scholar from 2019 to 2022 using VOSviewer. IQTISHODUNA: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 12(2), 393–402. https://doi.org/10.54471/iqtishoduna.v12i2.2228
Soemitra, A., Kusmilawaty, & Rahma, T. I. F. (2022). The Role of Micro Waqf Bank in Women’s Micro-Business Empowerment through Islamic Social Finance: Mixed-Method Evidence from Mawaridussalam Indonesia. Economies, 10(7), 157. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10070157
Sulistiyo, T. D., Gantina, D., Haryono, J., Rachmatullah, A., & Aditya, M. K. (2025). Keberadaan Pasar Tradisional di Jakarta Sebagai Destinasi Wisata. Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata, 30(1), 66. https://doi.org/10.30647/jip.v30i1.1879
Tanjung, H., & Windiarto, A. (2021). Role of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk In Economic Development and International Trade. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 10(2), 275–290. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v10i2.20493
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ilman Khairi, Nova Monaya, Sudiman Sihotang (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
